Musée du Bas-Saint-Laurent

Glossary

Glossary of terms concerning summer residences and related subjects.
Arts and Crafts Movement

Originating in Britain in the 1860s and lasting until the end of the Victorian era, this aesthetic movement incorporated traditional craftsmanship into visual art, architecture and the decorative arts (handicrafts, furniture-making, etc.).

Cabin

A small one-room space. Either the cabin of a steamer or other boat, a free-standing structure where people changed into their bathing suits (also nicknamed a “gloriette” after a European garden pavilion) or low-cost lodging in the 1940s that predated the motel room, but was not joined to other rooms.

Catalogne

A hand-woven throw made from strips of recycled or leftover fabric and used as a blanket or rug.

Chaperone

A person who accompanied one or more young unmarried women to ensure they behaved with decorum, especially in the presence of young men.

Coaching inn

A simple lodging place for travellers and mail-carriers, providing stables and the possibility of renting vehicles or horses. Sometimes also called roadhouses or posting houses.

Cottage

A summer home in the countryside, less elaborate than a villa or secondary residence, but larger than a cabin.

Cricket

A team sport with the same origin as baseball, but played with a flat-sided bat, that is still very popular in certain areas of the former British Empire.

Croquet

A game in which a ball is hit with a mallet, directing it through a series of hoops in the ground.

Etiquette

A set of rules defining good manners and proper behaviour in a variety of situations, particularly prevalent in wealthy groups of society. Can be a synonym of “good manners.”

Fournil

A term used in eastern Quebec for a small building located behind the main residence able to house a family over the summer.

Gloriette

A changing cabin for beach goers, nicknamed after a European garden pavilion. Also called a "bathing cabin."

Holidayer

A tourist or summer resident who spent the summer vacation at a watering place for varying lengths of time.

Hotel

A lodging place offering rented rooms (usually at a daily rate) with restaurant service.

Inn

An establishment providing meals and lodging, similar to a hotel on a smaller more familiar scale (e.g. rooms for rent in a large heritage house).

Motel

A type of lodging for tourists travelling by car that became popular in North America after World War II. Usually in a row, motel rooms have separate doors and beds, private bathrooms and, occasionally, kitchenette facilities.

Nanny

A woman employed to care for the children of well-off families. In the 19th century, nannies lived in their employers’ homes, caring for children from morning to night.

Off to salty waters

An expression that, in 19th-century North America, meant leaving the city for a saltwater river or seaside resort.

Omnibus

A large carriage drawn by one or more horses to transport people and luggage over a set itinerary (predecessor of the bus).

Picturesque

An aesthetic ideal inspired by the Romanticism movement in which the beauty of untamed nature was contrasted with industrialization. A work of art in this genre was meant to create a feeling of awe of the subject’s purity and authenticity.

Public hygiene

A set of sanitation measures to prevent disease that may include basic education, garbage disposal and access to drinking water.

Ruralism

A current of thought originating in Britain that glorified country life (seen as pure and healthy) as compared to city life (associated with the harmful effects of industrialization). "Agrarianism" may be used as a synonym.

Seaside resort

A well-known “watering place” heavily frequented by summer holidayers and offering amenities for seaside activities, such as lodging, entertainment, shops and canoes for rent. 

Steamer

A steamboat, and by extension, a cruise steamship.

Summer resident

A member of the upper class who always took summer holidays in the same countryside location (a sedentary vacationer).

Tourist

A person who travels for pleasure. Term coined by the British for travelling to several places on a circular route, as opposed to a round trip with a single destination.

Victorian era

A historical period approximately corresponding to the reign of Queen Victoria (1837‒1901), during which the British Empire, then a world power, experienced an extensive industrial revolution.

Villa

A substantial summer residence, often with elaborate architectural and decorative features that reflected the owners’ privileged social position.

Watering place

A vacationing place where holidayers could enjoy the beach but that did not necessarily have the splendor and all the services of a seaside resort.

White ship

A popular name for the cruise ships of Canada Steamship Lines.